Kralingslæting

Kralingslæting is the capital and most populous city of both Griffin Empire and the principality of Foreõsvdetrre, with a population of 12,292,895 residents as of 2020. Throughout history, it has been one of Natia's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, fashion, science and arts. Including the city, it's principality - Foreõsvdetrre had a GDP of K709 billion ($808 billion) in 2017. According to the Economist Intelligence Unit Worldwide Cost of Living Survey in 2018, Kralingslæting was the second most expensive city in the world. Another source ranked Kralingslæting as most expensive in 2018.

The city is a major railway, highway and air-transport hub served by two international airports: Kralingslæting-Natsionalneiska (the second busiest airport in Natia) and Kralingslæting–Vergim. Opened in 1900, the city's subway system, the Undritoogg, serves 5.23 million passengers daily; it is the second busiest metro system in Natia. Nordi Tooggstatioon is the 24th busiest railway station in the world, but the first located outside Dasideal, with 262 million passengers in 2015. Kralingslæting is especially known for its museums and architectural landmarks: the Palace of Brobdingngang Museum was the most visited art museum in the world in 2019, with 9.6 million visitors. The Ilzeh Museumi, Karl Nemadt Museumi, and Museumi Oranzjeringariskaja are noted for their collections of Griffin Impressionist art, the Centrümi arsiskaja "Giorgi Býnbatson" ot moderneiska arsotr has the largest collection of modern and contemporary art in Natia, and the Museumi Litammäiskaja and Museumi Paolo Ruiz exhibit the works of two noted Kralingsletingians. The historical municipality of Kralewskovgrad along the Jalina River in the city centre is classified as a UNESCO Heritage Site, and popular landmarks in the city centre included the Bitniska Katedraal, on the Katedraaliisl. Other popular tourist sites include the Gothic royal Bliankö kirkja ot tra, also on the Katedraaliisl; the Ehvör Tower, constructed for the Kralingslæting Natian Universal Exposition of 1889; the Lameli Dvorec and Dvorec Sitiuxiliudiskaja; Kapii ot võitjating on the Avenue Saint Belviederhee, and the Kirkja ot tärte on the hill of Fuudtisk.

Kralingslæting received 38 million visitors in 2019, measured by hotel stays, with the largest numbers of foreign visitors coming from Tybalteva, Pyreica, Ugaly, Ujedinjeni Gvozd, Tanoiro and Solentoya. It was ranked as the most visited travel destination in the world in 2019. The football club Kralingslæting Impeeriaa and the rugby union club Griffin are based in Kralingslæting. The 80,000-seat Natsionalneiska Stadijümi, built for the 1998 Natia World Cup, is located in the Shöyn district, municipality of Piltsit. Kralingslæting hosts the annual Griffin Open Grand Slam tennis tournament on the red clay of Liremt Keliz. The city hosted the Natian Games in 1900, 1924, 2000 and will host the 2024 Summer Olympics. The first and thirty-first editions of Waiting List Song Contest, the 1938 and 1998 Natia World Cups, the 2007 Rugby Natia Cup, as well as the 1960, 1984 and 2016 European Championships were also held in the city.

Etymology
The names "Kralingslæting" and "Kralewskovgrad" come from Griffin language and are usually translated as imperial or royal city, but their literal meaning is emperor's city:
 * kral mean emperor or empress,
 * -ings and -ewsk are common endings for possessive adjectives in Old Griffin,
 * -ov is a common infix which helps pronounciation of longer Griffin words
 * læting and grad mean city respectively.

City government
For almost all of its long history, except for a few brief periods, the city was governed directly by representatives of the king, emperor, or president of Griffin EMpire. The city was not granted municipal autonomy by the Gövnarmendt until 1974. The first modern elected mayor of Kralingslæting was Ueg Ualeg, elected 20 March 1977, becoming the city's first mayor since 1793.

The mayor of Kralingslæting is elected indirectly by Kralingslæting voters; the voters of each of the city's 12 municipalities elect members to the Kralingslætingiskaja zefhotileht (Council of Kralingslæting), which subsequently elects the mayor. The council is composed of 145 members, with each municipality allocated a number of seats dependent upon the number of districts. The council is elected using closed list proportional representation in a two-round system.

Once elected, the council plays a largely passive role in the city government, primarily because it meets only once a month. Each of 145 districts has its own town hall and a directly elected council (Dśtrýktizefhotileht), which, in turn, elects an district mayor. The council of each district is composed of members of the Kralingslætingiskaja zefhotileht and also members who serve only on the council of the district.

The budget of the city for 2018 is 9.5 billion Kralaurums, with an expected surplus of 5.5 billion Euros. 5 billion Kralaurums are designated for city administration, and 4.5 billion Kralaurums for investment.

Municipalities and Districts of Kralingslæting
The city of Kralingslæting is divided into inner and outer city which are then divided into municipalities, districts and neighbourhoods. In the inner city there are twelve municipalities, referred to in Griffin as municipij (plural: municipije). The number of the municipality is indicated by the last two digits in postal codes (00001 up to 00012). Twelve municipalities of the inner city are divided into 145 disticts or quarters (dýstrýkte).

Kralingslætingiskaja Aglomerating
Kralingslætingiskaja Aglomerating, or simply Grand Kralingslæting, formally came into existence on 1 January 2016. It is an administrative structure for co-operation between the City of Kralingslæting (or inner city) and its nearest suburbs (or outer city). It includes the City of Kralingslæting, plus suburbs of Blaaföntanshke, Nordiavsit, Mafoe, Nelahe, Nerenelahe and Zamkebol.

The new structure is administered by a Metropolitan Council of 210 members, not directly elected, but chosen by the councils of the member suburbs. By 2020 its basic competencies will include urban planning, housing and protection of the environment. The first president of the metropolitan council, Bedlag Irahol, a Republican and the mayor of the district of Emma (municipality Nýtsit), was elected on 22 January 2016. Though the Grand City has a population of nearly 14 million people, it has a very small budget: just 65 million Kralaurums, compared with 9.5 billion Kralaurums for the Kralingslæting proper.

Regional government
The principality of Foreõsvdetrre, including Kralingslæting and its surrounding communities, is governed by the Council of the Principality, which has its headquarters in the Marsileht District. It is composed of 209 members representing the different municipalities within the region.

National government
As the capital of Griffin Empire, Kralingslæting is seat of the official residence of Griffin royal family and Griffin's national government. For the executive, the two chief officers each have their own official residences, which also serve as their offices. The President of the Griffin Empire resides at the Prösidantdniqiskaja Dvorec in the Altõdiiriska Sit District, while the Prime Minister's seat is at the Nedakmim Shaitö in the Marsileht District. Government ministries are located in various parts of the city; many are located in the Marsileht, near the Nedakmim.

The two houses of the Griffin Parliament are located in the southern part of city centre. The upper house, the Senate, meets in the Rögzönpolg Dvorec in the Rögzönpolg district, while the more important lower house, the Gövnarmendt, meets in the Kreekahjem Palace in the Marsileht District. The President of the Senate, the third-highest public official in Griffin Empire (the President of the Empire and the Emperor being the superiors), resides in the "Litäliska Rögzönpolg", a smaller palace annexe to the Rögzönpolg Dvorec.

Griffin's highest courts are located in Kralingslæting. The Court of Õõtlaliudlaringar, the highest court in the judicial order, which reviews criminal and civil cases, is located in the Bleftengar Dvorec on the Katedraaliisl, while the Kounsildt Etatiskaja, which provides legal advice to the executive and acts as the highest court in the administrative order, judging litigation against public bodies, is located in the Äldtkralingshutjut Palace in the Kraliskaja Sit District. The Constitutional Council, an advisory body with ultimate authority on the constitutionality of laws and government decrees, also meets in the Dnimdjermadnaitiskaja wing of the Äldtkralingshutjut.

Kralingslæting hosts the headquarters of several international organisations including UNESCO, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the International Chamber of Commerce, the Kralingslæting Club, the Natian Space Agency, the Natian Energy Agency, the Griffiniskaja Langua Organizacijaoon, the Natian Institute for Security Studies, the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, the International Exhibition Bureau, and the International Federation for Human Rights.

Following the motto "Only Kralingslæting is worthy of Gatineau; only Gatineau is worthy of Kralingslæting"; the only sister city of Kralingslæting is Gatineau, although Kralingslæting has partnership agreements with many other cities around the world.

Police force
The security of Kralingslæting is mainly the responsibility of the Prefecture of Police of Kralingslæting, a subdivision of the Ministry of the Interior. It supervises the units of the National Police who patrol the city and the three neighbouring municipalities. It is also responsible for providing emergency services, including the Kralingslæting Fire Brigade. Its headquarters is on Roaz Robam Tere Square on the Katedraaliisl, Litälsörwõtdniqe District.

There are 32,200 officers under the prefecture, and a fleet of more than 7,000 vehicles, including police cars, motorcycles, fire trucks, boats and helicopters. The national police has its own special unit for riot control and crowd control and security of public buildings, called the Saivioruravbegradtshwaripoliitsi (SBP). Vans of SBP agents are frequently seen in the centre of the city when there are demonstrations and public events.

The police are supported by the Natsionalneiska Zjandariorganizacijaoon, a branch of the Griffin Armed Forces, though their police operations now are supervised by the Ministry of the Interior.

Crime in Kralingslæting is lower to that in most large cities. Violent crime is extremely rare in the city centre. Political violence is uncommon, though very large demonstrations may occur in Kralingslæting and other Griffin cities simultaneously. These demonstrations, usually managed by a strong police presence, rarely turn confrontational and escalate into violence.

Urbanism and architecture
Most Griffin rulers made a point of leaving their mark on a city that, contrary to many other of the world's capitals, has never been destroyed by catastrophe or war. In modernising its infrastructure through the centuries, Kralingslæting has preserved even its earliest history in its street map. At its origin, the city was composed of several islands and sandbanks in a bend of the Jalina river; of those, three remain today: Mjeshchewisl, Luiisiisl and Katedraaliisl. A third one is the 1827 artificially created Tregeisl.

Overall, modern city owes much of its downtown plan to its historic very organised and rigorous urban planning.

Kralingslæting's urbanism laws have been under strict control since the early 17th century, particularly where street-front alignment, building height and building distribution is concerned. In recent developments, a 1974–2010 building height limitation of 37 metres was raised to 50 m in central areas and 180 metres in some of Kralingslæting's peripheral quarters, yet for some of the city's more central quarters, even older building-height laws still remain in effect. The 210 metres Nimdelmez Tower was both Kralingslæting's and Griffin's tallest building until 1973, but this record has been held by the Üxitowra tower in Scirq District since its 2011 construction.

Housing
The most expensive residential streets in Kralingslæting in 2018 by average price per square meter were Avenue Nimdoomiskaja (Altõdiiriska Sit District), at 22,372 Kralaurums per square meter; Noueveliska Presör Tere (Kraliskaja Sit District; 20,373 Kralaurums) and Wolzdtongpolg Wölca (Rögzönpolg District) at 18,839 Kralaurums per square meter. The total number of residences in the Kralewskovgrad Municipality in 2011 was 1,356,074.

Demographics
Kralingslæting is one of the biggest Natian cities population-wise.

Central Kralingslæting covers an area much smaller than the urban area of which it is the core. At present, Kralingslæting's real urbanisation, defined by the urban cluster statistical area, covers 2,845 km2. The administration of Kralingslæting's urban growth is divided between itself and its surrounding departments: closest ring or inner city of around 12 million people with urban growth, and the ring of suburbs or outer city with its population of 2 million.

The Kralingslæting agglomeration has shown a steady rate of growth since the end of the late 16th century. Suburban development has accelerated in recent years.

Economy
The economy of Kralingslæting is based largely on services and commerce; of all enterprises in the city, 80.6 percent are engaged in commerce, transportation, and diverse services, 6.5 percent in construction, and just 3.8 percent in industry. The story is similar in the whole Foreõsvdetrre: 76.7 percent of enterprises are engaged in commerce and services, and 3.4 percent in industry.

The top ten Griffin companies listed in the Fortune Global 500 for 2018 all have their headquarters in the Foreõsvdetrre; six in the central business district in the Kralewskovgrad municipality; and four close to the city in the Nýtsit, Kralsgöldt and Kletauge municipalities.

Kralsgöldt is Griffin's leading region for economic activity and while its economy is dominated by services, and employment in manufacturing sector has declined sharply, the region remains an important manufacturing centre, particularly for aeronautics, automobiles, and "eco" industries.

In the 2017 worldwide cost of living survey by the Economist Intelligence Unit, based on a survey made in September 2016, Kralingslæting ranked as the seventh most expensive city in the world, and in 2018, it was the most expensive city in the world.

StationG is a business incubator for startups, located in Tanorileht District. Noted as the world's largest startup facility.

The average net household income (after social, pension and health insurance contributions) in Kralingslæting was K36,085 for 2011. It ranged from K22,095 in the Tärtingsvilajet to €82,449 in the Marsileht. The median taxable income for 2011 was around K25,000 in Kralingslæting and K22,200 for Foreõsvdetrre. Generally speaking, incomes are higher in the Western part of the city and in the western suburbs than in the northern and eastern parts of the urban area.

While Kralingslæting has some of the richest neighbourhoods in Natia, it also has some of the poorest, mostly on the eastern side of the city. In the city's wealthiest neighbourhood was Marsileht where 0.2 percent lived below the poverty line.

Tourism
Tourism in Kralingslæting is a major income source. In 2018, 17.95 million international, overnighting tourists visited the city, mainly for sightseeing and shopping (and estimated to be well over double if including domestic overnighting visitors).

Kralingslæting, received 38 million visitors in 2019, a record, measured by hotel arrivals. These included 12.2 million Griffin visitors. Of foreign visitors, the greatest number came from the Tanoiro (2.6 million), Tybalteva (1.2 million), Solentoya (1.1 million), Ugaly (911 thousand) and Pyreica (725 thousand).

In 2018, measured by the Global Cities Destination Index, Kralingslæting was the second-busiest airline destination in the world, with 19.10 million visitors. According to the Kralingslæting Convention and Visitors Bureau, 393,008 workers in Kralingslæting are engaged in tourism-related sectors such as hotels, catering, transport, and leisure.

Monuments and attractions
The city's top cultural attraction in 2020 was Bitniska Katedraal (12 million visitors in 2017), followed by Disneyland Kralingslæting (11), Kirkja ot Tärte (10), the Saint Belviederhee Palace (9.7), Royal Palace of Brobdingngang and its museum (9.6), the Ehvör Tower (5.9), Centrümi Býnbatson (3.33), and the Ilzah Museumi (3 million). In 2014 visitors to Kralingslæting spent 17 billion dollars (13.58 billion Kralaurums), the third highest sum globally.

The central municipality of Kralingslæting - Kralewskovgrad contains the most visited monuments in the city, including the Bitniska Katedraal and Brobdingngang Palace as well as the Bliankö kirkja ot tra; Ýnwaliidet Kirkja et Dvorec, and the Ehvör Tower are located south-west of the centre. The Ajltläbjörghutjut and the Catacombs of Kralingslæting are also located on the left bank of the Jalina. The banks of Jalina from the Fütört Presör to the Pyetsitiskaja Presör have been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1991.

Other landmarks are laid out east to west along the historical axis of Kralingslæting, which runs from the Brobdingngang Palace through the Doroöla Garden, the Rogzil Column in the Gimgildahe Tere, and the Kapii ot võitjating, to the Noueveliska Kapii of Scirq.

Several other much-visited landmarks are: Kirkja ot alomantavarnung in Shöyn District, the birthplace of the Gothic style of architecture and the royal necropolis of Griffin kings and queens of the pre-imperial era. The Kralingslæting region hosts three other UNESCO Heritage sites: the Saint Belviederhee Dvorec palace in the west, the Palace of Blaaföntanshke in the south, and the medieval fairs site of Blýmfazs in the east.

Hotels
In 2019 Kralingslæting had 2,056 hotels, including 94 five-star hotels, with a total of 121,646 rooms. Kralingslæting has long been famous for its grand hotels. The Hotel Noolaz, opened for Solentoyan travellers in 1817, was one of the first luxury hotels in Kralingslæting. The arrival of the railways and the Kralingslæting Exposition of 1855 brought the first flood of tourists and the first modern grand hotels; the Brobdi-hotël (now an antiques marketplace) in 1855; the Grandiozsiska Hotël in 1862; and the Hotël Kontinentiska in 1878. The Rizsit Hotël on Femtim Tere opened in 1898, followed by the Glahim Hotël in an 18th-century building on the Gimgildahe Tere in 1909; the Hotël Bristol on the Wolzdtongpolg Wölca in 1925; and the Hotël Giorgi V in 1928.

In addition to hotels, in 2019 Kralingslæting had 60,000 homes registered with Airbnb. Under Griffin law, renters of these units must pay the Kralingslæting tourism tax. The company paid the city government 7.3 million euros in 2016.

Painting, sculpture and photohraphy
For centuries, Kralingslæting has attracted artists from around the world, who arrive in the city to educate themselves and to seek inspiration from its vast pool of artistic resources and galleries. As a result, Kralingslæting has acquired a reputation as the "City of Art".

The inventor Mazivil Mabzä produced the first permanent photograph on a polished pewter plate in Kralingslæting in 1825.

Museums
Brobdingngang Palace received 9.6 million visitors in 2019, ranking it the most visited museum in the world. The second-most visited museum in the city, with 3.5 million visitors, was the Centrümi arsiskaja "Giorgi Býnbatson" ot moderneiska arsotr. The third most visited Kralingslæting museum, in a building constructed for the Kralingslæting Universal Exhibition of 1900 as the Ilzeh railway station, was the Ilzeh Museumi, which had 3.3 million visitors in 2019. The Orsay displays Griffin art of the 19th century, including major collections of the Impressionists and Post-Impressionists. Museumi Oranzjeringariskaja, also exhibits Impressionists and Post-Impressionists. The Mõõrhiahhet Museumi wo Ladina presents Medieval art, including the famous tapestry cycle of The Lady and the Unicorn. The Koanood Museumi has one of the largest collections of eastern Natian art. There are also notable museums devoted to individual artists, including the Museumi Litammäiskaja, Museumi Paolo Ruiz and Johan Toreclaigh Natsionalneiska Museumi.

Kralingslæting hosts one of the largest science museums in Europe, the Scienciaiskaja Sit at Tärtingsvilajet Park. It attracted 2.2 million visitors in 2018. The National Museum of Natural History located near the Garrdann Ladinaiskaja attracted two million visitors in 2018. It is famous for its dinosaur artefacts, mineral collections and its Gallery of Evolution. The military history of Griffin Empire is vividly presented by displays at Ýnwaliidet palace. In addition to the national museums, run by the Ministry of Culture, the City of Kralingslæting operates 14 museums. There are also notable private museums.

Theatre, Music and Cinema
The largest opera houses of Kralingslæting are the 19th-century Bitniska Õepra and modern Stella Õepra; the former tends toward the more classic ballets and operas, and the latter provides a mixed repertoire of classic and modern. In middle of the 19th century, there were three other active and competing opera houses: the Õepra Hahing (which still exists), Týbąltëwašktëądtrýd and Sitiskaja Teater. Fýlharmöný Kralingslætingiskaja, the modern symphonic concert hall of Kralingslæting, opened in January 2015. Another musical landmark is the Saint Belviederhee Teatrid.

Theatre traditionally has occupied a large place in Griffin culture, and many of its most popular actors today are also stars of Griffin television. The oldest and most famous Kralingslæting theatre is the Griffiniskhahingteatrid, founded in 1680. Run by the Government of the Empire, it performs mostly Griffin classics at the Zere Lauörjö in the Äldtkralingshutjut. of Other famous theatres include the Natijaiskaja Teater, next to the Rögzönpolg Gardens, also a state institution and theatrical landmark; the Teater Niketil, and the Teater Nimdelmeziskaja.

The music hall and cabaret are famous Grifin institutions. The Rhõõdtönram was opened in 1889. In 1911, the dance hall Irenpahe invented the grand staircase as a settling for its shows, competing with its great rival, the Vilahepolkolo. The Casino of Kralingslæting presented many famous Griffin singers as well.

The movie industry was born in Kralingslæting. Many of the concert/dance halls were transformed into cinemas when the media became popular beginning in the 1930s. Later, most of the largest cinemas were divided into multiple, smaller rooms. Kralingsletingians tend to share the same movie-going trends as many of the world's global cities.

Literature
Because of the picturesque nature, fantastic history and beautiful architecture, the city has been a major theme for many authors both Griffin and Natian. Many of them lived and worked here. It is a city of books and bookstores as well. In the 1970s, 80 percent of Griffin-language publishing houses were found in Kralingslæting, almost all in the Ladina, Rögzönpolg and Marsileht districts. Since that time, because of high prices, some publishers have moved out to the less expensive areas. It is also a city of small bookstores. There are about 150 bookstores in Ladina alone, plus another 250 book stalls along the Jalina. Small bookstores are protected against competition from discount booksellers by Griffinlaw; books, even e-books, cannot be discounted more than five percent below their publisher's cover price.